Beyond the black box

Beyond the Black Box Approach to Ethics!; Comment on “Expanded HTA: Enhancing Fairness and Legitimacy”

In the editorial published in this journal, Daniels and colleagues argue that his and Sabin’s accountability for reasonableness (A4R) framework should be used to handle ethical issues in the health technology assessment (HTA)-process, especially concerning fairness. In contrast to this suggestion, it is argued that such an approach risks suffering from the irrrelevance or insufficiency they war...

Beyond the Black Box: Interactive Global Docking of Protein Complexes

On the Complexity of Parallel Hardness Amplification for One-Way Functions

We prove complexity lower bounds for the tasks of hardness amplification of one-way functions and construction of pseudo-random generators from one-way functions, which are realized non-adaptively in black-box ways. First, we consider the task of converting a one-way function f : {0, 1} → {0, 1} into a harder one-way function f̄ : {0, 1} → {0, 1}, with n̄, m̄ ≤ poly(n), in a black-box way. The har...

Using Machine Learning to Plan Rehabilitation for Home Care Clients: Beyond "Black-Box" Predictions

Distributed Black-Box Software Testing Using Negative Selection

In the software development process, testing is one of the most human intensive steps. Many researchers try to automate test case generation to reduce the manual labor of this step. Negative selection is a famous algorithm in the field of Artificial Immune System (AIS) and many different applications has been developed using its idea. In this paper we have designed a new algorithm based on nega...

Black-box Importance Sampling

Importance sampling is widely used in machine learning and statistics, but its power is limited by the restriction of using simple proposals for which the importance weights can be tractably calculated. We address this problem by studying black-box importance sampling methods that calculate importance weights for samples generated from any unknown proposal or black-box mechanism. Our method all...